Labor force (Country profile category: Economy)

Afghanistan:
8 million (1997 est.)

Albania:
1.692 million (including 352,000 emigrant workers and 261,000 domestically unemployed) (1994 est.)

Algeria:
9.1 million (2000 est.)

American Samoa:
13,949 (1996)

Andorra:
30,787 salaried employees (1998)

Angola:
5 million (1997 est.)

Anguilla:
4,400 (1992)

Antigua and Barbuda:
30,000

Argentina:
15 million (1999)

Armenia:
1.5 million (1999)

Aruba:
41,501 (1997 est.)

Australia:
8.9 million (December 1999)

Austria:
3.7 million (1999)

Azerbaijan:
2.9 million (1997)

Bahamas, The:
148,000 (1996)

Bahrain:
295,000 (1998 est.)
note: 44% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.)

Bangladesh:
56 million (1995-96)
note: extensive export of labor to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Oman, Qatar, Malaysia, and Singapore

Barbados:
136,000 (1998 est.)

Belarus:
4.3 million (1998)

Belgium:
4.341 million (1999)

Belize:
71,000
note: shortage of skilled labor and all types of technical personnel (1997 est.)

Benin:
NA

Bermuda:
35,296 (1997)

Bhutan:
NA
note: massive lack of skilled labor

Bolivia:
2.5 million

Bosnia and Herzegovina:
1.026 million

Botswana:
235,000 formal sector employees (1995)

Brazil:
74 million (1997 est.)

British Virgin Islands:
4,911 (1980)

Brunei:
144,000 (1995 est.); note - includes foreign workers and military personnel
note: temporary residents make up 41% of labor force (1991)

Bulgaria:
3.82 million (1998 est.)

Burkina Faso:
4.679 million (persons 10 years old and over, according to a sample survey taken in 1991)
note: a large part of the male labor force migrates annually to neighboring countries for seasonal employment

Burma:
19.7 million (FY98/99 est.)

Burundi:
1.9 million

Cambodia:
6 million (1998 est.)

Cameroon:
NA

Canada:
15.9 million (1999)

Cape Verde:
NA

Cayman Islands:
19,820 (1995)

Central African Republic:
NA

Chad:
NA

Chile:
5.8 million (1999 est.)

China:
700 million (1998 est.)

Christmas Island:
NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands:
NA

Colombia:
16.8 million (1997 est.)

Comoros:
144,500 (1996 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the:
14.51 million (1993 est.)

Congo, Republic of the:
NA

Cook Islands:
6,601 (1993)

Costa Rica:
1.377 million (1998)

Cote d'Ivoire:
NA

Croatia:
1.65 million (1999)

Cuba:
4.5 million economically active population
note: state sector 76%, non-state sector 24% (1996 est.)

Cyprus:
Greek Cypriot area: 289,400; Turkish Cypriot area: 80,200 (1998)

Czech Republic:
5.203 million (1999 est.)

Denmark:
2.896 million

Djibouti:
282,000

Dominica:
25,000

Dominican Republic:
2.3 million to 2.6 million

Ecuador:
4.2 million

Egypt:
19 million (1999 est.)

El Salvador:
2.35 million (1999)

Equatorial Guinea:
NA

Eritrea:
NA

Estonia:
785,500 (1999 est.)

Ethiopia:
NA

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas):
1,100 (est.)

Faroe Islands:
20,500 (1996 est.)

Fiji:
235,000

Finland:
2.533 million

France:
25.4 million (1994)

French Guiana:
58,800 (1997)

French Polynesia:
118,744 (of which 70,044 are employed) (1988)

Gabon:
600,000

Gambia, The:
400,000

Gaza Strip:
NA

Georgia:
3.08 million (1997)

Germany:
40.5 million (1999 est.)

Ghana:
4 million

Gibraltar:
14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers)

Greece:
4.32 million (1999 est.)

Greenland:
24,500 (1995 est.)

Grenada:
42,300 (1996)

Guadeloupe:
125,900 (1997)

Guam:
65,660 (1995)

Guatemala:
3.32 million (1997 est.)

Guernsey:
NA

Guinea:
2.4 million (1983)

Guinea-Bissau:
480,000

Guyana:
245,492 (1992)

Haiti:
3.6 million (1995)
note: shortage of skilled labor, unskilled labor abundant (1998)

Holy See (Vatican City):
NA

Honduras:
2.3 million (1997 est.)

Hong Kong:
3.36 million (1998 est.)

Hungary:
4.2 million (1997)

Iceland:
131,000 (1999)

India:
NA

Indonesia:
88 million (1998)

Iran:
15.4 million
note: shortage of skilled labor

Iraq:
4.4 million (1989)

Ireland:
1.77 million (1999 est.)

Israel:
2.3 million (1997)

Italy:
23.193 million

Jamaica:
1.13 million (1998)

Japan:
67.76 million (November 1999)

Jersey:
57,050 (1996)

Jordan:
1.15 million
note: in addition, at least 300,000 workers are employed abroad (1997 est.)

Kazakhstan:
8.8 million (1997)

Kenya:
9.2 million (1998 est.)

Kiribati:
7,870 economically active, not including subsistence farmers (1985 est.)

Korea, North:
9.6 million

Korea, South:
22 million (1998)

Kuwait:
1.3 million (1998 est.)
note: 68% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.)

Kyrgyzstan:
1.7 million

Laos:
1 million - 1.5 million

Latvia:
1.4 million (1997)

Lebanon:
1.3 million (1999 est.)
note: in addition, there are as many as 1 million foreign workers (1997 est.)

Lesotho:
689,000 economically active

Libya:
1.2 million (1997 est.)

Liechtenstein:
22,891 of which 13,847 are foreigners; 8,231 commute from Austria and Switzerland to work each day

Lithuania:
1.8 million

Luxembourg:
236,400 (one-third of labor force is foreign workers, mostly from Portugal, Italy, France, Belgium, and Germany) (1998 est.)

Macau:
281,117 (1998)

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of:
673,000 (1995 est.)

Madagascar:
7 million (1995)

Malawi:
3.5 million

Malaysia:
9.3 million (1999 est.)

Maldives:
67,000 (1995)

Mali:
NA

Malta:
143,700 (October 1997)

Man, Isle of:
36,610 (1998)

Marshall Islands:
NA

Martinique:
170,000 (1997)

Mauritania:
465,000 (1981 est.); 45,000 wage earners (1980)

Mauritius:
514,000 (1995)

Mayotte:
NA

Mexico:
38.6 million (1999)

Micronesia, Federated States of:
NA

Moldova:
1.7 million (1998)

Monaco:
30,540 (January 1994)

Mongolia:
1.256 million (1998)

Montserrat:
4,521 (1992); note - recently lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity

Morocco:
11 million (1997 est.)

Mozambique:
NA

Namibia:
500,000

Nepal:
10 million (1996 est.)
note: severe lack of skilled labor

Netherlands:
7 million (1998 est.)

Netherlands Antilles:
89,000

New Caledonia:
79,395 (including 15, 018 unemployed, 1996)

New Zealand:
1.86 million (1998)

Nicaragua:
1.7 million (1999)

Niger:
70,000 receive regular wages or salaries

Nigeria:
42.844 million

Niue:
450 (1992 est.)

Norfolk Island:
1,395 (1991 est.)

Northern Mariana Islands:
6,006 total indigenous labor force; 2,699 unemployed; 28,717 foreign workers (1995)

Norway:
2.7 million (1999 est.)

Oman:
850,000 (1997 est.)

Pakistan:
38.6 million (1999)
note: extensive export of labor, mostly to the Middle East, and use of child labor

Palau:
NA

Panama:
1.044 million (1997 est.)
note: shortage of skilled labor, but an oversupply of unskilled labor

Papua New Guinea:
1.941 million

Paraguay:
1.7 million (1996)

Peru:
7.6 million (1996 est.)

Philippines:
32 million (1999 est.)

Pitcairn Islands:
12 able-bodied men (1997)

Poland:
15.3 million (1998 est.)

Portugal:
4.75 million (1998 est.)

Puerto Rico:
1.3 million (1996)

Qatar:
233,000 (1993 est.)

Reunion:
261,000 (1995)

Romania:
9.6 million (1998 est.)

Russia:
66 million (1997)

Rwanda:
3.6 million

Saint Helena:
2,416 (1991 est.)
note: a large proportion of the work force has left to seek employment overseas

Saint Kitts and Nevis:
18,172 (June 1995)

Saint Lucia:
43,800

Saint Pierre and Miquelon:
3,000 (1997)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines:
67,000 (1984 est.)

Samoa:
82,500 (1991 est.)

San Marino:
15,600 (1995)

Sao Tome and Principe:
NA

Saudi Arabia:
7 million
note: 35% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.)

Senegal:
NA

Serbia and Montenegro:
1.6 million (1999 est.)

Seychelles:
26,000 (1996)

Sierra Leone:
1.369 million (1981 est.)
note: only about 65,000 wage earners (1985)

Singapore:
1.932 million (1998)

Slovakia:
3.32 million (1997)

Slovenia:
857,400

Solomon Islands:
26,842

Somalia:
3.7 million (very few are skilled laborers)(1993 est.)

South Africa:
15 million economically active (1997)

Spain:
16.2 million (1997 est.)

Sri Lanka:
6.6 million (1998)

Sudan:
11 million (1996 est.)
note: labor shortages for almost all categories of skilled employment (1983 est.)

Suriname:
100,000

Svalbard:
NA

Swaziland:
NA

Sweden:
4.3 million (1996)

Switzerland:
3.8 million (956,000 foreign workers, mostly Italian) (1996 est.)

Syria:
4.7 million (1998 est.)

Tajikistan:
1.9 million (1996)

Tanzania:
13.495 million

Thailand:
32.6 million (1997 est.)

Togo:
1.538 million (1993 est.)

Tokelau:
NA

Tonga:
36,665 (1994)

Trinidad and Tobago:
558,700 (1998)

Tunisia:
3 million (1997 est.)
note: shortage of skilled labor

Turkey:
23.8 million (April 1999)
note: about 1.5 million Turks work abroad (1994)

Turkmenistan:
2.34 million (1996)

Turks and Caicos Islands:
4,848 (1990 est.)

Tuvalu:
NA

Uganda:
8.361 million (1993 est.)

Ukraine:
22.8 million (yearend 1997)

United Arab Emirates:
1.38 million (1998 est.)
note: 75% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.)

United Kingdom:
29.2 million (1999)

United States:
139.4 million (includes unemployed) (1999)

Uruguay:
1.38 million (1997 est.)

Uzbekistan:
11.9 million (1998 est.)

Vanuatu:
NA

Venezuela:
9.9 million (1999)

Vietnam:
38.2 million (1998 est.)

Virgin Islands:
47,443 (1990 est.)

Wallis and Futuna:
NA

West Bank:
NA

Western Sahara:
12,000

World:
NA

Yemen:
NA

Zambia:
3.4 million

Zimbabwe:
5 million (1997 est.)

Taiwan:
9.7 million (1999 est.)